Interpolation For Cone-beam CT Projections in the FBP-based Reconstructions

 

Lei Zhu, Angel Pineda, Rebecca Fahrig

 

Interpolation methods are commonly used in x-ray CT systems. Within the framework of filtered-backprojection based cone beam CT reconstruction, both heuristic mathematical derivation and practical experiments reveal that 1D horizontal (the direction of ramp-filtering) interpolation performs much better than 1D vertical interpolation for CT scans on human torsos. This fact stems from the Fourier domain asymmetry of the projection data and the high-freqency error amplification due to ramp-filtering. To minimize the error in the final reconstructed image, more estimation weight should be put in the interpolation direction which generates less error. A 2D interpolation method with an anisotropic kernel is proposed thereby. For the ease of implementation, an equivalent conventional isotropic 2D interpolation with pre and post processing is applied instead. It stretches the data in the vertical direction by a factor of alpha before the conventional 2D interpolation to reduce its contribution in the missing data estimation, and squeezes it back thereafter. This algorithm is evaluated by two practical applications: bad detector region estimation and metallic artifact reduction. The results show that the modified 2D interpolation method reduces the mean square error of the reconstructed image by ~30% as compared to the conventional 2D interpolation method, and the residual artifacts by this method are less evident also because sharp edges are suppressed effectively. In the case that the original signal characteristics is unknown and the optimal alpha is hard to estimate, 1D horizontal interpolation can be used as an effective alternative with only a little loss of image quality.